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About the Company

400 Business Park Drive
Tyngsboro, MA 01879-1077
Phone: (978) 649-3300
Fax: (978) 649-3399

E-mail: mail08@jenike.com

© 2008 by Jenike & Johanson, Inc.
All rights reserved.

Energy/Power Generation Applications
A typical plant involves numerous bulk solids handling systems. The fuel is often received by rail, barge, or overland conveyor. It is stockpiled at the plant, then reclaimed and conveyed into silos, bins, and/or bunkers, after which it is fed into a mill or directly into the combustion zone. The residues of combustion—both bottom ash and fly ash—are collected in cyclones, baghouses, and electrostatic precipitators and then usually stored in large silos. Many plants also store and handle lime or limestone, which is either fed directly into the combustor (fluidized bed applications) or mixed with the exiting flue gas as a dry mixture for dry scrubbing or as a slurry with water for wet scrubbing.

Given the variety of fossil fuels (e.g., bituminous coal, lignite, anthracite culm, bituminous gob, and petroleum coke) as well as the varieties of lime, limestone, and ash handled at coal-fired plants, numerous flow problems (often leading to structural problems) occur.

To meet the standards of the Clean Air Act, many power plants have been switching to low-sulphur sub-bituminous coal. Unfortunately, this cohesive, poorly-flowing coal often produces severe flow problems, such as stagnation during handling in silos and bunkers. One extreme consequence of this is spontaneous combustion. Other plants are installing flue gas desulphurization (FGD) systems, otherwise known as scrubbers. These require new, massive storage facilities for lime or limestone along with fly ash, and, in some cases, synthetic gypsum.

Jenike & Johanson helps power plants keep bulk solids flowing reliably while complying with regulatory requirements. We also give power companies a significant edge in a competitive, deregulated industry by modifying their bulk solids handling methods to increase process efficiency and substantially reduce operating costs. Contact Jenike & Johanson to discuss how your handling system can work to improve your bottom line.


Some of the energy/power generation problems we have analyzed and solved:
  • Fires caused by stagnant coal in a bunker
  • Flooding [524K QuickTime video] of fly ash in a silo
  • Arching, ratholing, and flooding of lime in a silo
  • Nonuniform flow of limestone to a boiler
  • Hang-ups of feed material in waste-to-energy plant
  • Unreliable flow of coal in cement plant
  • Segregation [220K QuickTime video] of petroleum coke in a silo
  • Abrasive wear of the walls in a coal silo
  • Arching and ratholing of synthetic gypsum in a silo
  • Coal flow stoppages caused by back-pressure from a fluidized bed combustor
  • Inadequate coal injection rate into a blast furnace
  • Baghouse hopper hang-ups
  • Chute plugging problems
  • Silo/bunker structural failure
  • Inadequate synthetic fuels plant coal handling system design

Case Studies

Client confidentiality prevents us from discussing most of our projects. The following case studies were written with the consent of our clients.

Problem Material Solution
Spontaneous combustion Low sulfur coal Bunker retrofit
Chute pluggages Petroleum coke Chute modifications
High discharge rate needed Pulverized lignite and coal Fast refill loss-in-weight system designed

Some of the energy/power generation equipment we have designed and supplied:

  • Chutes to minimize buildup and wear, handling wet coal and coke
  • Mass flow chisel hopper and twin screw feeder for coal
  • Solids Pumps™ (sealing screw) feeding coke/coal into a pressurized environment
  • Mass flow screw feeder and slide gate for fly ash
  • Mass flow screw feeder for pulverized coal and raw lignite
  • Solids Pumps™ (sealing screw) for lignite

Some of the energy related materials we have handled:

  • Anthracite
    • Coal
    • Culm
    • Silt
  • Bottom Ash
  • Coal
    • Ash
    • Bituminous
    • Brown
    • Dust
    • Export
    • For Foundry Coke
    • High Sulfur
    • High Volatile
    • Low Grade Seam
    • Low Sulfur
    • Metallurgical
    • Pulverized
    • Shale
    • Slag
    • Stoker
    • Sub-bituminous
    • Waste
    • w/Freeze Conditioning Agents
    • w/Shot Coke
    • w/Shredded Tires
    • w/Wood
  • Coke
    • Calcinate
    • Dust
    • Fines
    • Flour
    • Petroleum
    • Shot
    • Sponge
    • Tailing
    • Sand Blend
  • Culm
  • Fly Ash
  • Gob
  • Lignite
  • Oil Shale
  • Synthetic Gypsum
  • Tar Sand
  • Tire Chips

A partial listing of the energy/power generation companies with which we have worked:

  • American Electric Power
  • Atomic Energy of Canada
  • B. C. Hydro, Canada
  • Detroit Edison
  • Consumers Power
  • Crows Nest Resources, Canada
  • N.S.W. Electricity Commission, Australia
  • Edmonton Power, Canada
  • Eldorado Nuclear, Canada
  • Electricity Supply Commission, So. Africa
  • General Electric
  • National Power Corp., Philippines
  • New Brunswick Power, Canada
  • Ohio Edison
  • Ontario Hydro, Canada
  • Pennsylvania Electric
  • Pyropower
  • Riley Stoker
  • Saskatchewan Power, Canada
  • Southwest Public Service
  • Standard Oil of California
  • Standard Oil, Ohio
  • Suncor, Canada
  • Syncrude Canada
  • Tennessee Valley Authority
  • Triton Coal
  • Union Electric
  • Unocal
  • U.S. Department of Energy
  • VTT Fuel and Process Technology, Finland
  • Western Energy
  • Westinghouse Electric
  • Wisconsin Public Service
"During the extremely cold winters of 1976-1977, major coal flow problems were encountered at Detroit Edison's Monroe Power Plant, one of the largest coal-fired power plants in the world. Due to the magnitude of the problems and the financial impact on earnings, Jenike & Johanson conducted extensive tests and studies to find the reasons for and solve these problems. As a result of the work, no significant coal flow problems have been experienced since."

- Dr. M. Moaveni, Engineer at Detroit Edison Co.

"The testing and design recommendations provided by Jenike & Johanson have been a success from start to finish."

- Jeri Huggins, Production Engineer at Northern States Power